Geertgen tot Sint Jans
Pioneiro da pintura flamenga
Geertgen tot Sint Jans, também conhecido como Geertgen van Haarlem, Gerrit van Haarlem, Gerrit Gerritsz, Gheertgen, Geerrit, Gheerrit ou qualquer outra forma diminutiva de Gerald, foi um pintor dos Primitivos Flamengos do norte dos Países Baixos no Sacro Império Romano-Germânico. Nenhuma documentação contemporânea sobre sua vida foi encontrada, e o relato publicado mais antigo sobre sua vida e obra data de 1604, no Schilder-boeck de Karel van Mander. De acordo com van Mander, Geertgen foi provavelmente aluno de Albert van Ouwater, um dos primeiros pintores a óleo no norte dos Países Baixos. Ambos os pintores viveram na cidade de Haarlem, onde Geertgen estava ligado à casa dos Cavaleiros de São João, talvez como irmão leigo, para quem pintou um retábulo. No livro de van Mander, ele afirma que Geertgen adotou o nome de São João sem se juntar à ordem, portanto seu sobrenome «tot Sint Jans» derivava do nome da ordem e significa «para São João». Though van Mander calls him Geertgen tot Sint Jans, painter from Haarlem, indicating he was from Haarlem, it is possible that he was perhaps born in Leiden, then in the Burgundian Netherlands in the Holy Roman Empire, around the year 1465. The assignment of Leiden as his birthplace is traceable to a 17th-century print by Jacob Matham, where he is referred to as Gerardus van Leydanus. There is no known archival evidence for this claim by Matham. This print of The Lamentation of Christ from 1620, shows in the lower left corner "Cum privil. Sa Cae. M. – Gerardus Leydanus Pictor ad S. Ia Bapt. Harlemi pinxit" indicating he was a painter from Leiden at St John the Baptist in Haarlem. In the lower right hand corner it says "Theodorus Matham Sculpsit. Iac Matham excud.", which means that son Theo made the sketch from the painting, and father Jacob Matham engraved it. It was printed in Haarlem in 1620, indicating that the painting was still there at that time. According to van Mander, this painting of the Lamentation was originally on the inside right door of a wood-panel triptych for the high altar of the St. John’s church in Haarlem, and the two side panels were sawed off from the central panel into two separate paintings after the Protestant Reformation. Both side panels are quite fragile and are located in separate museums today. Modern acceptance of Leiden as Geertgen’s birthplace is roughly traceable to Johann Kessler’s dissertation of 1930. Ele faleceu por volta do ano de 1495, provavelmente ainda na casa dos vinte anos, em Haarlem, onde foi sepultado na comendadoria. Estudiosos modernos tentaram calcular a data de falecimento do artista com base nas informações contidas em O Livro da Pintura (holandês médio: Het Schilder-boeck), de Karel van Mander, publicado em 1604.
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Influenced
Artworks by this artist (2 total)
- The Adoration of the Magi c. 1480 - c. 1485
- The Adoration of the Magi 1480s