Joseph Anton Koch
Pioneer of heroic neoclassical landscape painting
Joseph Anton Koch was an Austrian painter of Neoclassicism and later the German Romantic movement; he is perhaps the most significant neoclassical landscape painter. The Tyrolese painter was born in Elbigenalp. Early in his life he was tending cattle. Through the recommendation of Bishop Umgelder (1785), he received academic training in the Karlsschule Stuttgart, a strict military academy. In 1791, he ran away, and traveled through France and Switzerland. He arrived in Rome in 1795. Koch was close to the painter Asmus Jacob Carstens and carried on Carstens' "heroic" art, at first in a literal manner. He etched the pages of Carstens' Les Argonautes, selon Pindar, Orphée et Apollonius de Rhode (Rome, 1799). After 1800, Koch developed as a landscape painter. In Rome, he espoused a new type of "heroic" landscape, revising the classical compositions of Poussin and Lorrain with a more rugged, mountainous scenery. In 1812, forced through inadequate income from his work, or in protest of the French invasion, he went to Vienna, where he worked prolifically. He stayed in Vienna until 1815. During this period, he incorporated more non-classical themes in his work. In Vienna, he was influenced by Friedrich Schlegel and enthusiasts of old German art. In response, his style became harsher. Koch returned to Rome, and became a conspicuous figure in the German artists' colony there. He painted, among other works, the four frescoes in the Dante Room of the Villa Massimi (1824–1829). His presence and personality had considerable influence among the younger generation in the art life of Rome, and his new approach had a wide influence on German landscape painters who visited Rome. He wrote Moderne Kunstchronik oder die rumfordische Suppe gekocht und geschrieben von J. A. Koch (Stuttgart, 1834) which was directed humorously against unjustifiable criticism and false connoisseurship. Koch's last years were spent in great poverty. He died in Rome, where he was buried in the Teutonic Cemetery, located next to St. Peter's Basilica within Vatican City.
Relationship Network
Master student
- Carl Friedrich von Rumohr Student
- Franz Theobald Horny Student
- Johann Martin von Rohden Student
- Maximilian Haushofer Student
- Peter Baumgartner Student
Fellow student
Influenced
Parent child
- Anna Stainer-Knittel Child
Artworks by this artist (71 total)
- Waterfalls at Subiaco 1813
- Landscape with the Rape of Hylas ca 1832
- Dante und Virgil auf dem Rücken Geryons Dante Inferno, Canto 17, V 94
- Landscape with Abraham and the Three Angels in the Valley of Mambre 1797
- Studie zum Ratsherrn von Lucca Dante Inferno, Canto 21, V 34
- Virgil beschwichtigt Cerberus Dante Inferno, Canto 6, V 13
- Landscape near Olevano with Rainbow 1823-1824
- Die große Traube aus Kanaan 1818
- Dante and Virgil Riding on the Back of Geryon c. 1821
- Blick vom Kloster S. Isidoro auf St. Peter in Rom 1810
- Die Wasserfälle von Tivoli bei Rom 1818
- Das Hospiz auf dem Grimselpass 1813
- The Mönch And Jungfrau Seen From Unterseen
- Apollo Among The Thessalian Shepherds 1834-1835
- Der Tiroler Landsturm im Jahre 1809 ca 1816-1819
- Landscape near Olevano with a Parade of Dancing Peasants 1823-1824
- Die Strafe der Diebe im Tal der Schlangen und Drachen Dante Inferno, Canto 25, V 17
- Dante und Virgil im Wald der Selbstmörder Dante Inferno, Canto 13, V 31
- Landschaft mit Diana und Aktäon ca 1832
- The Golden Age