Martin Johann Schmidt
Lively Austrian Rococo painter, Impressionism precursor
Martin Johann Schmidt, called Kremser Schmidt or Kremserschmidt, was one of the outstanding Austrian painters of the late Baroque/Rococo along with Franz Anton Maulbertsch. He was born at Grafenwörth, lower Austria, a son of the sculptor Johannes Schmidt. A pupil of Gottlieb Starmayr, he spent most of his life at Stein, where he mostly worked in the numerous churches and monasteries of his Lower Austrian homeland. While the evolution of his style after 1750 shows that he had either spent a formative period in northern Italy or had at least had extensive contact with northern Italian works of art prior to that date, his works are also clearly influenced by Rembrandt (visible above all in his etchings) and the great fresco-painters of the Austrian Baroque, Paul Troger and Daniel Gran. Despite not having received formal academic training, in 1768 he was made a member of the imperial academy at Vienna due to his artistic merits, which by that time had already been recognized by a wider public inside and outside of Austria. Primarily he painted devotional images for private devotion and churches, including a considerable number of large altar paintings. His lively and colourful style made him extremely popular with people from all levels of society already during his lifetime. From 1780 mythological and low-life themes became increasingly frequent, only to be replaced by a renewed concentration on religious topics during the last years of Schmidt's life. He died at Stein/Danube (now belonging to Krems an der Donau), aged 82. He was an important draughtsman and has left numerous etchings which clearly show Rembrandt's influence. While his earlier works typically show a warm chiaroscuro, from about 1770 he used increasingly stronger and more lively colours. Simultaneously, both his style and his brush technique became much more free, making him, like Franz Anton Maulbertsch, an important predecessor of impressionism. In this aspect, his mature style is completely contrary to neoclassicism, the style which increasingly dominated European art after about 1780.
Relationship Network
Master student
- Ludwig Guttenbrunn Student
- Peter Fendi Student
Fellow student
Friend
Influenced by
Artworks by this artist
- Wirtshausszene 1781
- Martyrium des Heiligen Veit, der nackte Heilige, von Folterknechten umgeben, am Ölkessel, in der Luft Engel mit der Märtyrerkrone ca 1790
- The Martyrdom of Saint Barbara 18th century
- Nativity of St. John
- Christ Crowned with Thorns 1788
- Der Apostel Paulus mit Buch und Schwert 1786
- Die Heilige Margarethe auf dem Drachen, von zwei Engeln gekrönt 1793
- Pietà ca. 1765
- Three Men in a Landscape near Sculptures 18th century
- Venus und Amor 1788
- Bildnis eines Mädchens mit Holzzuber 1752
- Saint Anthony and the Christ Child Surrounded by Cherubs 18th century
- Saint Jerome 1765
- The Flagellation 1788
- Bildnis des Domherrn Wödl 1768
- The Resurrection 2
- An Oriental Astronomer in His Study 18th century
- Musikanten 1781
- The Crucifixion 1788
- Entombment of Christ 1780