Paul Sandby
Father of modern watercolor landscape painting
Paul Sandby was an English map-maker turned landscape painter in watercolours, who, along with his older brother Thomas, became one of the founding members of the Royal Academy in 1768. Sandby was born in Nottingham, and baptised there in 1731, although his date of birth has traditionally been given as 1725. In 1745 he moved to London where he followed his brother Thomas in obtaining an appointment in the military drawing department at the Tower of London. Following the suppression of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745, Sandby was employed to assist in the military survey of the new road to Fort George, and of the northern and western parts of the Highlands, under the direction of Colonel David Watson. He was later appointed draughtsman to the survey. While undertaking this commission, which included preparing designs for new bridges and fortifications, he began producing watercolour landscapes documenting the changes in Scotland since the rebellion, and making sketches of Scottish events such as the hanging in Edinburgh of soldier-turned-forger John Young in 1751. He left his post with the survey in 1751, and spent some time living with his brother, who had been appointed Deputy Ranger of Windsor Great Park. There he assisted his brother, and made a series of drawings of the castle, the town, and its neighbourhood, which were purchased by Sir Joseph Banks. His skills were applauded by fellow artists such as Thomas Gainsborough: if one wanted "real Views from Nature in this Country", declared Gainsborough in 1764, there was no better artist than Sandby, who frequently "employ'd his pencil that way." He died at his house in Paddington on 7 November 1809, and was buried in the burial ground of St George's, Hanover Square. He was described in his obituaries as "the father of modern landscape painting in watercolors".
Relationship Network
Master student
- James Duffield Harding Student
- John Cleveley the younger Student
- Michael Angelo Rooker Student
- Paul Sandby Munn Student
- Robert Cleveley Student
Friend
Influenced
Artworks by this artist (182 total)
- London Cries; A Man with a Bottle ca. 1759
- Lord Hopetoun’s Lead Mines 1751
- A Carriage and Pair, with Coachman 1774
- London Cries; A Girl with a Basket on Her Head (‘Lights for the Cats, Liver for the Dogs’) ca. 1759
- Windsor Great Park 1790-99
- Carreg Cennen Castle ca. 1800
- A Lady Copying at a Drawing Table ca. 1765
- A Sandpit
- London Cries; A Milkmaid ca. 1759
- Music by Moonlight 1782 or 1788
- My Pretty Little Ginny Tarters for a Ha’penny a Stick or a Penny a Stick ca. 1759
- Study of Cow Parsley
- London Cries; Flowers ca. 1759
- One of Six Remarkable Views in the Provinces of New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania from SCENOGRAPHI AMERICANA 1761
- Part of the Town and Castle of Ludlow 1779
- London Cries; Small Coal or Brushes ca. 1759
- The Tide Rising at Briton Ferry 1773
- A Girl with a Watering Can facing left; Sarah Hough, Mrs. T.P. Sandby’s Nursery Maid ca. 1805
- Afternoon 1769
- Bridgenorth, Shropshire