拉尔夫·厄尔
多产的美国肖像与风景画家
拉尔夫·厄尔是一位美国画家,以肖像画闻名,其中至少有183幅有文献记载。他还绘制了六幅风景画,其中包括一幅尼亚加拉瀑布的全景展示。 Ralph Earl was born on May 11, 1751 in either Shrewsbury or Leicester, Massachusetts, the oldest of four children of Ralph Earle and Phebe Whittemore Earl. By 1774, he was working in New Haven, Connecticut as a portrait painter. In the autumn of 1774, Earl returned to Leicester, Massachusetts to marry his cousin, Sarah Gates. A few months later, their daughter Phebe was born in January 1775. Earl left them both with Sarah's parents and returned to New Haven to continue painting portraits. Earl's wife and daughter joined him in New Haven in November 1776, and they lived there until May 1777, when their son, John, was born. Sarah later attested that this six-month period "was all the time we kept house together." 与许多殖民时期的工匠一样,厄尔是自学成才的,并在多年间是一名巡回画家。1775年,厄尔访问了列克星敦和康科德,那里是美国革命中最近发生战斗的地点。尽管他的父亲是革命军的上校,厄尔本人却是一名效忠派。在与雕刻师阿莫斯·杜利特尔合作下,厄尔绘制了四幅战斗场景,这些场景被制成支持革命的宣傳版画。 1778年,他抛下妻子和女儿,乔装成英军上尉约翰·莫尼的仆人,逃往英国。 在伦敦,他进入本杰明·韦斯特的工作室,并为国王和许多名流作画。厄尔继续在诺里奇镇绘制肖像。后来,他娶了英国女子安·怀特赛德,尽管他从未结束与萨拉·盖茨的婚姻。1785年或1786年,厄尔带着新婚妻子返回美国。 回到美国后,他为蒂莫西·德怀特、州长迦勒·斯特朗、罗杰·谢尔曼以及其他知名人士绘制了肖像。他还创作了一幅大型的尼亚加拉大瀑布画作。1786年9月,厄尔在纽约市居住期间,因未能偿还个人债务而入狱。即使在狱中,他仍为前来探视的访客、朋友以及"救济困境债务人协会"的成员绘制肖像。他于1788年1月获释。 厄尔可能训练了他的儿子、画家拉尔夫·伊莱瑟·怀特赛德·厄尔,并影响了他的侄子奥古斯都·厄尔,后者据称是第一位访问过所有五大洲的欧洲艺术家。拉尔夫的兄弟詹姆斯·厄尔(1761–1796)也是一位肖像画家。 他于1801年8月16日在康涅狄格州博尔顿去世。酗酒被认为是主要死因。
Relationship Network
Master student
- Benjamin West Master
- Washington Bogart Cooper Student
Fellow student
Artworks by this artist
- Marinus Willett ca. 1791
- Master Rees Goring Thomas ca. 1783[-]84
- Esther Boardman 1789
- Moses Seymour, Jr. 1789
- Abraham Davenport 1788
- Andrew Jackson 1817
- Mrs. Richard Alsop
- Lucy Bradley 1794
- John Davenport 1794
- Lady Williams and Child 1783
- Mrs. Noah Smith and Her Children 1798
- Portrait of Colonel William Taylor 1790
- Roger Sherman ca. 1775
- Elijah Boardman 1789
- Andrew Jackson
- Captain John Pratt (1753-1824) 1792
- Portrait of Andrew Jackson
- Major Moses Seymour 1789
- Molly Marsh Seymour (Mrs. Moses Seymour) and son Epaphroditus 1789
- Portrait of Mrs. William Taylor 1790