다와라야 소타쓰

1570 - 1640 Japanese

림파 창시, 타라시코미 기법

Tawaraya Sōtatsu was a Japanese furniture designer and painter of the Rinpa school. Sōtatsu is best known for his decorations of calligraphic works by his partner Hon’ami Kōetsu (1558–1637), and his spectacular and highly influential byōbu folding screens, such as National Treasures Wind God and Thunder God and his painting of the Sekiya and Miotsukushi chapters from The Tale of Genji. He also popularized a technique called tarashikomi, in which a second layer of paint is applied before the first layer is dry. He is also credited with co-founding the Rinpa school of Japanese painting, together with Kōetsu. Rinpa was not strictly a school, but a group of artist directly influenced by Sōtatsu and Kōetsu. Some of the most notable Rinpa artists are Ogata Kōrin (1658–1716), Ogata Kenzan (1663–1743) and Sakai Hōitsu (1761–1828). While not particularly known at the time he lived and painted, he is now the second-most recognized Japanese painter in terms of number of inclusions in the National Treasures of Japan list. The exact date of Sōtatsu’s birth, probably around 1570, remains unknown, and so does the place of his birth. The painter Tani Bunchō (1763–1841) stated that Sōtatsu was originally from Noto and that he studied under Sumiyoshi Jokei in Kyoto. His family name may have been Nonomura. In 1602 he was hired by the Taira family to repair the 12th-century sutra scrolls Heike nōkyō at the Itsukushima shrine on Miyajima. This is the earliest paintings attributed to Sōtatsu, but it already features the characteristics of his later work. It is suspected that Kōetsu might have also worked in the repair of the scroll. The first confirmed collaboration with Hon’ami Kōetsu (1558–1637) is in the Sagabon (Saga Books), an ambitious project started around 1606 by Suminokura Soan (1571–1632) to publish elaborate editions of classical Japanese book and Noh librettos. Sōtatsu created the designs for the covers and paper of many of the books, while Kōetsu was the calligrapher of some of the texts. The name Sagabon comes from the suburb of Kyoto where the book were produced. Sōtatsu married a cousin of Koetsu. He also opened a shop in Kyoto, named Tawaraya, where he sold a variety of decorated objects, including fans, lantern paper, screens, dolls and patterns for kimono, and also took commissions for decorating interiors. The shop soon gained recognition for its artistic excellence. 소타츠와 고에쓰의 협력은 1620년경에 종료되었습니다. 아마도 그가 장식가 및 디자이너로서의 직업에서 멀어지고 화가로서의 경력에 더 집중하기 시작했기 때문일 것입니다. 1621년 도쿠가와 히데타다의 부인이 명한 재건 공사 중에 그는 요겐인 사원의 문과 병풍을 장식했으며, 1630년에는 불교 예술가에게 수여되는 세 번째로 높은 위계인 ’호쿄’(법교) 칭호를 받았다. 소타츠의 사망 경위는 알려져 있지 않지만, 그는 아마도 1640년경에 사망한 것으로 보입니다. 그의 직계 제자 중 가장 성공한 이들은 타와라야 소세츠와 키타가와 소세츠였습니다.