张择端
写实长卷绘北宋市井
张择端（生卒年不详，一说1085–1145），字正道，密州东武（今山东诸城）人，是中国北宋时期的画家。 Zhang Zeduan loved learning from a young age. In his early years, he traveled to the Northern Song capital Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) to study, and later focused on painting, developing a high level of artistic skill. During the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song, Zhang worked at the Hanlin Painting Academy and became a court painter. He specialized in architectural painting and especially enjoyed painting boats, carts, markets, bridges, streets, and city walls, developing a unique style. Later, 'after losing his official position, he lived at home and sold paintings to make a living.' 张择端著名的风俗画《清明上河图》生动而真实地描绘了城市日常生活。这幅长卷细致而生动地再现了北宋都城汴京从宁静的郊外到繁华的市街的繁荣景象，具有极高的历史价值。画作以汴河为中心，以写实手法和卓越的艺术才华，对各种场景和人物进行了细致而生动的描绘。在这幅长达五米多的画卷中，他描绘了550多个人物，以及许多牛、马、车、船、房屋、桥梁和城市建筑，无不精心刻画。从中可以了解当时的经济状况、城乡关系和社会风俗，使其成为研究宋代政治、经济、技术和文化的宝贵视觉资料。 除了《清明上河图》外，其他归于他名下的存世作品还包括《金明池争标图》，该画描绘了龙舟竞渡的场景。