張擇端
寫實長卷繪北宋市井
張擇端（生卒年不詳，一說1085–1145），字正道，密州東武（今山東諸城）人，是中國北宋時期的畫家。 Zhang Zeduan loved learning from a young age. In his early years, he traveled to the Northern Song capital Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan) to study, and later focused on painting, developing a high level of artistic skill. During the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song, Zhang worked at the Hanlin Painting Academy and became a court painter. He specialized in architectural painting and especially enjoyed painting boats, carts, markets, bridges, streets, and city walls, developing a unique style. Later, 'after losing his official position, he lived at home and sold paintings to make a living.' 張擇端著名的風俗畫《清明上河圖》生動而真實地描繪了城市日常生活。這幅長卷細緻而生動地再現了北宋都城汴京從寧靜的郊外到繁華的市街的繁榮景象，具有極高的歷史價值。畫作以汴河為中心，以寫實手法和卓越的藝術才華，對各種場景和人物進行了細緻而生動的描繪。在這幅長達五米多的畫卷中，他描繪了550多個人物，以及許多牛、馬、車、船、房屋、橋樑和城市建築，無不精心刻畫。從中可以了解當時的經濟狀況、城鄉關係和社會風俗，使其成為研究宋代政治、經濟、技術和文化的寶貴視覺資料。 除了《清明上河圖》外，其他歸於他名下的存世作品還包括《金明池爭標圖》，該畫描繪了龍舟競渡的場景。