郭熙
北宋山水画巨匠
郭熙(1023—约1085),字淳夫,北宋河南温阳人(今河南省温县)。他是画家兼绘画理论家。出身平民家庭,早年游历以寻求灵感,后加入皇家画院,最终担任翰林待诏一职。 He studied landscape painting under Li Cheng, and his representative works include 'Early Spring' and 'Studying Rocks and Distant Views,' which are kept in the National Palace Museum in Taipei and the Palace Museum in Beijing respectively. His theoretical work 'Lofty Ambitions in Forests and Streams' summarizes the principles of landscape painting creation. 宋神宗熙宁元年(1068年),他被召入翰林图画院,主持宫殿壁画工程。其早期画风工整细致;后期融合李成技法并加以创新,创造出"卷云皴"和"蟹爪枝"等笔法。晚年笔力更为雄健,擅长绘制大幅山水画。 他提出了"高远、深远、平远"的构图理论,强调表现不同季节的景色和空间层次的变化,并主张通过对自然的细致观察来提炼艺术意境。 元丰年间,他积极从事艺术创作,留下了许多描绘云烟变幻与山峦的作品,常与李成并称"李郭"。